Europe
Energy system of Europe
Europe is home to a diverse group of energy producers and consumers with extensive ties to global markets.
The region’s energy sector has undergone profound changes following the Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Since the war triggered an energy crisis that sent prices to record highs, European countries have put energy security at the top of their political agendas, dramatically reducing fuel imports from Russia on which they had previously relied. And they have substantially raised their clean energy ambitions, aiming to further diversify their energy mixes while making progress towards climate targets.
Renewable energy deployment is now at a record high thanks to a raft of supportive policies. Yet greater efforts are needed to overcome ongoing energy challenges, such as bolstering clean energy supply chains, replacing outdated infrastructure, and achieving further energy system integration across the region.
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Kosovo
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Moldova
Montenegro
North Macedonia
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Serbia
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
The Netherlands
Türkiye
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Policies
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- Buildings
- Power
- Transport
- Industry
- Economy-wide
- Just transitions
- Critical Minerals
- Fuels and technology innovation
- People-Centred Clean Energy Transitions
- Technology R&D and innovation
- Methane abatement
- Renewable Energy
- Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage
- Electrification
- Energy Efficiency
- Energy Poverty
- People-Centred Transitions
- Energy Access
- Energy Security