Policies

Egypt's Second Updated Nationally Determined Contribution (2023 Update)

Source: International Energy Agency
Last updated: 17 October 2024

Egypt submitted its first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement in 2015. Egypt then revised its NDC in June 2022. In June 2023, Egypt revised its NDC for a second time. As part of its second revised NDC, Egypt has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the oil and gas sector by 2030 from 2,575 GgCO2-eq under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario to 0,89 GgCO2-eq under a mitigation scenario. This represents a reduction in GHG emissions of 1,682 GgCO2-eq compared to the BAU scenario (or a 65% reduction compared to BAU). Egypt intends to reach this target through the following measures:

  • Recovering associated gas from crude oil fields (instead of flaring it). The recovered gas will then be directed to gas processing facilities to produce LPG, natural gas and condensates. Egypt has 17 existing projects for the recovery of associated gas and 36 planned projects between 2023 and 2030.
  • Improving access to clean fuel in households.
  • Implementing low-investment energy efficiency measures in petroleum companies to reduce the sector’s energy consumption by 5%.
  • Converting plastic waste into oil as an intermediary product to produce polyethylene.
  • Increasing the production and use of alternative green fuels (such as biofuels). 

Egypt also intends to set up a national measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) system. Egypt’s MRV system will consist of four tracks: (1) GHG emissions inventory MRV; (2) mitigation policies and actions MRV, (3) support received MRV; and (4) adaptation policies and actions MRV. The MRV system would be supervised by Egypt’s National Climate Change Council (NCCC), which is the national authority responsible for climate change in Egypt. Technical support would also be provided by Egypt’s Climate Change Central Department, which forms part of the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency. Although the MRV system has been approved by the NCCC, it is not yet in operation as of October 2024, as Egypt is still waiting on further funding before launching the system. 

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