Total public energy RD&D budgets per thousand units of GDP by countries for 2017

Notes

Total RD&D in nominal national currencies divided by GDP in nominal national currencies at market prices and volumes, expressed in thousand units of GDP. Based on 2017 data, except for Czech Republic based on 2016 data. No recent data were available for Greece, Luxembourg and Portugal. Data for the United States have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat.