Direct CO2 intensity of steel production in the Net Zero Scenario, 2018-2030

Notes

NZE = Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario. Values for 2020 are estimates. Direct CO2 emissions encompass energy and process emissions, but excludes emissions from the use of off-gases and other fuels to generate electricity (indirect emissions). See the IEA’s Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap, Box 1.3 for further details on the direct emissions boundary: https://www.iea.org/reports/iron-and-steel-technology-roadmap